The burden of proof is a fundamental concept in both legal and moral contexts, referring to the responsibility of a party to prove the truth of their claims. In legal proceedings, it dictates who must present evidence and how much is needed to convince the court. In criminal cases, the prosecution carries the burden of proving the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, a high standard to protect the innocent. In civil cases, the burden is usually lower, with the plaintiff needing to prove their case by a preponderance of the evidence, meaning their version of events is more likely than not.

The burden of proof also extends beyond the courtroom, influencing debates in areas like ethics and public policy, where individuals or groups making claims must justify their arguments with evidence.

This principle ensures fairness and prevents unjust conclusions, requiring that decisions, both in law and life, be grounded in verifiable facts.